This sans-ZooKeeper mode is formally named Kafka Raft Metadata mode. Starting with Kafka v2.8, Kafka can be run without ZooKeeper. For a detailed Quickstart guide, check out the GitHub page. KIP-500 is code that enables topic metadata to be stored within Kafka using a new internal topic, The topic is replicated to all brokers and is managed with a Raft quorum of controllers. This quorum controller enables all of the metadata responsibilities that have traditionally been managed by both the Kafka controller and ZooKeeper to be run internally in the Kafka cluster. The latest version of Kafka uses a new quorum controller. Building out Kafka functionality to also handle traditional ZooKeeper tasks makes implementing and running Kafka simpler. Instead of optimizing and maintaining one tool, users need to optimize and maintain two tools. Using ZooKeeper with Kafka adds complexity for tuning, security, and monitoring. Why remove ZooKeeper from Kafka implementations? One important component not yet available in this version is control of ACL. However, this version is not ready for use in production and is missing some core functionality. The release of 2.8.0 in April 2021 provided us all a chance to start using Kafka without ZooKeeper. Starting with version 2.8, Kafka can be run without ZooKeeper. Let’s run through some of the most common questions we get about this new way of running Kafka. ZooKeeper is horizontally scalable, which means it can be scaled by simply adding additional nodes. ZooKeeper is known for its fast processing for workloads that require more reading than writing, e.g. ZooKeeper’s architecture is simple, with a shared hierarchical namespace that assists in coordinating processes. ZooKeeper keeps working even if a node fails. ZooKeeper is known for its reliability, simplicity, speed, and scalability. Kibana works alongside Elasticsearch to provide customized visualizations for tracking real-time performance.įor more information on how to monitor ZooKeeper and Kafka performance in real-time, check out our post Kafka Monitoring With Elasticsearch and Kibana. Kibana is part of the same Elastic Stack as Elasticsearch. We recommend using Elasticsearch because it’s free (open source) and highly versatile. Just as it’s important to monitor Kafka performance in real-time to diagnose system issues and prevent future problems, it’s critical to monitor ZooKeeper. Monitoring ZooKeeper with Elasticsearch and Kibana Because ZooKeeper needs low latency disk writes, we recommend using solid state drives (SSD). However, it is best practice to provide a dedicated CPU core for ZooKeeper to ensure there are no issues with context switching.įinally, disk performance is critical for ZooKeeper. Much like memory, ZooKeeper doesn’t consume CPU resources heavily. About 8 GB of RAM will be sufficient for most use cases. ZooKeeper isn’t memory intensive when it’s working solely with Kafka. ZooKeeper accesses how much data each client is allowed to read/write. This includes who or what is allowed to read/write to each topic, list of consumer groups, members of the groups, and the most recent offset each consumer group received from each partition. ZooKeeper also maintains the ACLs for all topics. ZooKeeper maintains the configuration of all topics, including the list of existing topics, number of partitions for each topic, location of the replicas, configuration overrides for topics, preferred leader node, among other details. ZooKeeper keeps a list of all functioning brokers in the cluster. If ever a node shuts down, ZooKeeper ensures that other replicas take up the role of partition leaders replacing the partition leaders in the node that is shutting down. The controller is the broker responsible for maintaining the leader/follower relationship for all partitions. Specifically, ZooKeeper is used for controller election, cluster membership, topic configuration, access control lists, and quotas. However, other technologies like Elasticsearch and MongoDB have their own built-in mechanisms for coordinating tasks. Kafka is a distributed system that was built to use ZooKeeper. Click here for section on running Kafka without ZooKeeper.įor any distributed system, there needs to be a way to coordinate tasks. However, this update isn’t ready for use in production. *Starting with v2.8.0, Kafka can be run without ZooKeeper. For now, Kafka services cannot be used in production without first installing ZooKeeper.* This is true even if your use case requires just a single broker, single topic, and single partition.
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